Findings reveal that omega-3 fatty acids could prevent sudden cardiac death in patients on hemodialysis. (Photo: Mikael Häggström/FIS)

Omega-3 protects patients at risk of sudden cardiac death: study

UNITED STATES
Monday, February 11, 2013, 23:50 (GMT + 9)

Medical literature long has touted the benefits of omega-3 fatty acids for the heart. But until now, researchers have not studied the potential benefit for people on hemodialysis, who are among the highest-risk patients for sudden cardiac death.

A new study published online in the journal Kidney International, which included 100 patients who died of sudden cardiac death during their first year of hemodialysis and 300 patients who survived, is the first to examine this question.

Allon N Friedman, MD, associate professor of medicine in the Division of Nephrology at the Indiana University School of Medicine and first author of the study, said the findings are impressive enough that he believes a placebo-controlled clinical study is warranted to confirm the results.

"We found that higher levels of omega-3 fatty acids in the blood of patients who were just starting hemodialysis were very strongly associated with a lower risk of sudden cardiac death over the first year of their treatment," Friedman said.

The five-year survival rate for patients on hemodialysis is 35 per cent, with the risk of death highest in the first few months of starting treatment. The most common cause of death in these patients is sudden cardiac death, which accounts for about one out of every four deaths.

"The risk of sudden cardiac death in hemodialysis patients is highest during the first year of treatment. The annual rate of sudden cardiac death is about 6 to 7 per cent, which may even exceed the rate in patients with heart failure," Friedman said. "This study is a first step toward identifying a possible treatment for sudden cardiac death in dialysis patients.

"Because omega-3 fatty acids can be obtained from certain foods, such as fish oil, our findings also have important implications for the type of diet we recommend to patients on dialysis," Friedman said.

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